Stigmasterol and β-sitosterol from the Root of Mangifera indica and Their Biological Activities against Some Pathogens

Aim: Mangifera indica is a plant with several phytoconstituents which accounts for its trado-pharmacological uses such as treatment of syphilis, anemia, diabetes, diarrhea, mouth wound, ulcer, leucorrhea, fever, liver diseases, urinary tract infection, asthma, rheumatism, cough, colon cancer and dysentery. The present study was aimed at identifying and characterizing some of the active principles from root of the plant.

Places and Duration of Study: The isolation and characterization of the compounds was carried out at the Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom between October, 2018 to February, 2019 while the bioassay analysis was done at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Methodology: The root powder was subjected to Soxhlet extraction with ethyl acetate to obtain the crude extract, which was fractionated on column using hexane, and ethyl acetate in increasing ratios. The isolated components were tested for their antimicrobial activities against some plants and animal pathogens at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Results: White crystals were obtained which on spectra analysis (IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR) were identified as mixture of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol. The isolated compounds exhibited appreciable antimicrobial activities against some microbes, thus confirming the many ethnomedical uses of the plant.

Conclusion: The compounds isolated were identified as stigmasterol and β-sitosterol. The pathogens showed moderate sensitivity towards the isolated compounds in the study.