Study on Resveratrol Chemoprotective Effect and COX 2 Down Regulation in Tumor Suppression in DMBA Induced Breast Cancer in Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Background: The study's goal was to evaluate Resveratrol's chemoprotective role in 7,12 Dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) induced breast cancer in Female Sprague Dawley rats, as well as its possible role in downregulating COX 2, an enzyme known to be expressed in breast cancer tissues. Methods: A total of 40 female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 10 per group) were used in this study. 6 week old rats, group 1 on pulverised rodent diet, group 2 on DMBA and diet, group 3 on DMBA and diet with Resveratrol 100mcg, and group 4 on DMBA and diet with Resveratrol 200mcg.The trial was stopped after 120 days, and tumours were examined for multiplicity, incidence, and histology. Western blot analysis was used to look at Cox 2 expression. Values were statistically tested using one way variance and Tukey’s comparison test.

Results: In the resveratrol-treated groups, body weight and tumour volume were similar, and there was a very long latency time for tumour initiation, as well as a reduction in tumour multiplicity and incidence. Tumor incidence was 42.27±10.17 for Group 2, 21.91±5.87 for Group 3, 13.73±3.98 for group 4. Tumor multiplicity was reported as 0.8909±0.30 for group 2, 0.1036±0.04 for group 3, 0.04545±0.02 for group 4. Histopathological analysis revealed ductal carcinoma in group 2, minor tissue necrosis in group 3 and fibroadenoma in group 4.

Conclusions: Resveratrol inhibits COX 2 expression in breast carcinoma and has a chemopreventive effect against DMBA-induced breast cancer.